- Title : Baker Hughes Advanced Wireline & MWD Procedures Manual
- Publish : Baker Hughes INTEQ Technical Publications Group 2001 Rankin Road Houston, TX 77032
- Type Document : pdf
- Release : August 1992
- Total Page : 192 page
- Size : 2.69 Mb
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Decrypted Contents
Review Of Wireline Basics
Introduction
The “first” log generated from borehole information was recorded in 1869, when Lord Kelvin recorded the temperature of a shallow hole. In 1927, Marcel and Conrad Schlumberger, with Henri Doll, recorded the first electrical resistivity log at Pechelbron, France. Since then, more than fifty geophysical-type well logs have been introduced to record the various electrical, nuclear, acoustical, thermal, chemical and mechanical properties of the earth.
Without interpretation, the measurements provided by the various logs are not particularly useful. It takes time, knowledge, and experience to convert the raw data into meaningful and practical information. Many of these formation evaluation methods are now used in sophisticated, computerized programs, the input data consisting of raw well log data, and the output being porosity, hydrocarbon type, fluid saturations, and lithology.
Introduction
The “first” log generated from borehole information was recorded in 1869, when Lord Kelvin recorded the temperature of a shallow hole. In 1927, Marcel and Conrad Schlumberger, with Henri Doll, recorded the first electrical resistivity log at Pechelbron, France. Since then, more than fifty geophysical-type well logs have been introduced to record the various electrical, nuclear, acoustical, thermal, chemical and mechanical properties of the earth.
Without interpretation, the measurements provided by the various logs are not particularly useful. It takes time, knowledge, and experience to convert the raw data into meaningful and practical information. Many of these formation evaluation methods are now used in sophisticated, computerized programs, the input data consisting of raw well log data, and the output being porosity, hydrocarbon type, fluid saturations, and lithology.
Exploration with Wireline Logs
The information from wireline logs is used to enhance two principle objectives in the exploration program:
The information from wireline logs is used to enhance two principle objectives in the exploration program:
Rock & Reservoir Properties
a. Environment of Deposition
b. Lithology & Mineralogy
c. Radioactivity
d. Porosity Type
e. Fluid Properties & Distribution
f. Formation Pressure
g. Temperature
h. Rock Strength & Elastic Properties
c. Radioactivity
d. Porosity Type
e. Fluid Properties & Distribution
f. Formation Pressure
g. Temperature
h. Rock Strength & Elastic Properties
Hydrocarbon Evaluation
a. Correlation
b. Structure
c. Permeability Traps
d. Porosity Type
e. Salinity Traps
There are several complicating factors which must be dealt with in order to arrive at acceptable values for those formation and hydrocarbon variables. The three most common factors are:
- The borehole is a dynamic system. The mud system willpenetrate the rocks surrounding borehole, and the borehole wall is affected by the drilling process and time (time difference between drilling and the wireline logging runs).
- Matrix and Pore Fluids affect certain tools differently
- Tool Depth of Investigation is relatively shallow.
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