- Title : Petroleum & Gas Field Processing 12 by H.K. Abdel-Aal and Mohamed Aggour - King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, M.A Fahim Kuwait University Safat, Kuwait
- Publish : Marceld Ekkeirn, C New York Basel
- Type Document : pdf
- Release : December 2003
- Total Page : 34 page
- Size : 0.39 Mb
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Decrypted Contents
Gas Dehydration
INTRODUCTION
Natural gas dehydration is the process of removing water vapor from the gas stream to lower the dew point of that gas. Water is the most common contaminant of hydrocarbons. It is always present in the gas–oil mixtures produced from wells. The dew point is defined as the temperature at which water vapor condenses from the gas stream. The sale contracts of natural gas specify either its dew point or the maximum amount of water vapor present.
There are three basic reasons for the dehydration of natural gas streams:
1. To prevent hydrate formation. Hydrates are solids formed by the physical combination of water and other small molecules of hydrocarbons. They are icy hydrocarbon compounds of about 10% hydrocarbons and 90% water. Hydrates grow as crystals and can build up in orifice plates, valves, and other areas not
subjected to full flow. Thus, hydrates can plug lines and retard the flow of gaseous hydrocarbon streams. The primary conditions promoting hydration formation are the following:
Natural gas dehydration is the process of removing water vapor from the gas stream to lower the dew point of that gas. Water is the most common contaminant of hydrocarbons. It is always present in the gas–oil mixtures produced from wells. The dew point is defined as the temperature at which water vapor condenses from the gas stream. The sale contracts of natural gas specify either its dew point or the maximum amount of water vapor present.
There are three basic reasons for the dehydration of natural gas streams:
1. To prevent hydrate formation. Hydrates are solids formed by the physical combination of water and other small molecules of hydrocarbons. They are icy hydrocarbon compounds of about 10% hydrocarbons and 90% water. Hydrates grow as crystals and can build up in orifice plates, valves, and other areas not
subjected to full flow. Thus, hydrates can plug lines and retard the flow of gaseous hydrocarbon streams. The primary conditions promoting hydration formation are the following:
- Gas must be at or below its water (dew) point with ‘‘free’’ water present.
- Low temperature.
- High pressure.
2. To avoid corrosion problems. Corrosion often occurs when liquid water is present along with acidic gases, which tend to dissolve and disassociate in the water phase, forming acidic solutions. The acidic solutions can be extremely corrosive, especially for carbon steel, which is typically used in the construction of most hydrocarbon processing facilities.
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